Epalzeorhynchos kalopterus — Flying Fox
Family: Cyprinidae
Origin: Streams and rivers of Thailand, Malaysia, Borneo, Sumatra, and Java
Size: 15 cm (6 inches)
Lifespan: 8–10 years
 
Natural Habitat
Environment: Fast-flowing rivers and forest streams with rocky or sandy substrates
Water Conditions: Clear, well-oxygenated water with steady flow
Temperature Range: 23–27°C (73–81°F)
 
Physical Description
Body Shape: Streamlined, elongated body built for swimming in currents
Coloration: Olive to brown back with a distinct black horizontal stripe running from the mouth through the tail; underparts are whitish to golden
Fins: Transparent to slightly orange-tinted with a dark edge on the dorsal and anal fins
 
Aquarium Care
Tank Size: Minimum 30 gallons; larger tanks preferred for adults
Water Parameters:
pH: 6.0–7.5
Temperature: 23–27°C (73–81°F)
Water Flow: Moderate to strong
Substrate: Sand, fine gravel, or smooth stones
Décor: Rocks, driftwood, live plants; secure lid recommended (they may jump)
Filtration: Strong, efficient filtration to maintain clean, oxygen-rich water
 
Diet
Type: Omnivorous (with a preference for algae)
Preferred Foods: Algae wafers, high-quality sinking pellets, blanched vegetables (zucchini, spinach), and occasional live or frozen foods (bloodworms, brine shrimp)
Feeding Frequency: Once or twice daily
 
Behavior & Tank Mates
Temperament:
Generally peaceful when young
Can become territorial with age, especially toward similar species
Compatible Tank Mates:
Peaceful, fast-moving fish (Danios, Barbs, Rainbowfish)
Avoid other bottom-dwelling or shark-like fish
Behavior Notes:
Active swimmer; enjoys exploring the tank bottom and surfaces for algae
 
Breeding
Spawning Method: Egg scatterer (breeding rarely observed in aquariums)
Breeding Conditions:
Commercial breeding achieved using hormone treatments
Fry Care:
Not typically bred by hobbyists