Polypterus endlicheri endlicheri — Tiger Bichir
Family: Polypteridae
Origin: Freshwater systems across West and Central Africa (notably the Nile and Chad basins)
Size: 60–75 cm (24–30 inches)
Lifespan: 15–20 years
 
Natural Habitat
Environment: Slow-moving rivers, floodplains, swamps, and shallow, muddy waters
Water Conditions: Warm, oxygen-poor environments; often stagnant or gently flowing
Temperature Range: 24–28°C (75–82°F)
 
Physical Description
Body Shape: Thick, elongated, and robust body with a wide, blunt head
Coloration: Cream to yellow base with bold black or dark green banding across the body (hence the "Tiger" name)
Fins: Prominent dorsal finlets and powerful pectoral fins; dorsal finlets add to the prehistoric look
 
Aquarium Care
Tank Size: Minimum 100 gallons for juveniles; 180+ gallons strongly recommended for adults
Water Parameters:
pH: 6.2–7.8
Temperature: 24–28°C (75–82°F)
Water Flow: Gentle
Substrate: Soft sand or fine gravel
Décor: Driftwood, rocks, sturdy hiding places; needs a secure, tightly fitted lid (excellent jumper)
Filtration: Heavy-duty filtration with gentle water movement
 
Diet
Type: Carnivorous
Preferred Foods: Live or frozen foods (earthworms, shrimp, pieces of fish, crayfish), meaty sinking pellets
Feeding Frequency: 3–4 times per week; adjust based on size and appetite
 
Behavior & Tank Mates
Temperament:
Generally peaceful but highly predatory toward smaller tank mates
Slow and deliberate in movement; nocturnal by nature
Compatible Tank Mates:
Other large, robust fish (large Cichlids, Catfish, other Bichirs)
Avoid small or overly aggressive species
Behavior Notes:
Breathes air using a modified swim bladder
Enjoys dim lighting and hiding spots
 
Breeding
Spawning Method: Egg scatterer
Breeding Conditions:
Extremely rare in captivity without specialized large setups
Fry Care:
Hatch with external gills; require live microfoods initially