Jaguar Cichlid (Parachromis managuensis)
Species Profile
The Jaguar Cichlid (Parachromis managuensis) is a large, highly territorial predatory fish native to Central America, primarily found in lakes and rivers of Nicaragua and Honduras. It gets its name from its stunning jaguar-like pattern of dark spots and bars over a silvery-gold background. Known for its intelligence and strong personality, the Jaguar Cichlid is a bold showpiece fish best suited to experienced aquarists with large aquariums.
In the wild, this species inhabits warm, slow-moving or still waters with sandy or muddy bottoms. In captivity, it’s known for its tendency to rearrange décor, dig large pits, and claim territory, especially during breeding. Despite its aggression, its beauty and character make it one of the most sought-after Central American cichlids.
Scientific Name:
Parachromis managuensis
Common Names:
Jaguar Cichlid, Managuense Cichlid, Aztec Cichlid
Origin:
Central America (Honduras and Nicaragua)
Family:
Cichlidae
Adult Size:
Up to 55 cm (22 inches)
Lifespan:
Up to 15 years
Temperament:
Highly aggressive and territorial
Tank Level:
Mid to bottom
Aquarium Requirements
Minimum Tank Size:
500 litres for a single adult; larger if housing a pair or other large cichlids
Water Conditions:
Temperature: 24–30°C
pH: 7.0–8.0
Hardness: 10–15 dGH
Filtration & Flow:
Jaguar Cichlids are heavy feeders that produce significant waste. Strong mechanical and biological filtration is essential. Use powerful canister filters or a sump system, and ensure good water movement and oxygenation.
Substrate & Décor:
A sandy substrate is best. Provide solid rocks, driftwood, and a few large hiding spots. Avoid delicate plants or lightweight decorations, as this species loves to dig and move objects around. Keep open swimming space available.
Lighting:
Moderate; too bright lighting may cause stress or dull the fish’s natural colors.
Diet and Feeding
Jaguar Cichlids are carnivorous predators. In the wild, they feed on smaller fish, crustaceans, and insects.
In the aquarium, they accept:
High-quality carnivore pellets or sticks
Frozen foods such as krill, prawns, bloodworms, and silversides
Occasional live foods (only from safe sources)
Feed 1–2 times daily, offering only what the fish can consume in a few minutes. Avoid overfeeding.
Compatibility
This species is best kept alone or with other large, aggressive cichlids in a very large tank. It will attack or eat smaller tankmates.
Possible tankmates (only in suitably large systems):
Red Devil or Midas Cichlid
Dovii (Wolf Cichlid)
Large Plecos or armored catfish
Avoid mixing with peaceful or smaller species.
Sexing and Breeding
Males: Larger, more elongated bodies with extended fins and brighter markings.
Females: Smaller, more rounded, darker during breeding.
Breeding:
Pairs form strong bonds once mature. During spawning, they become highly aggressive. The female lays eggs on flat stones or cleaned surfaces. Up to 2,000 eggs may be produced, hatching in 3–5 days. Both parents guard the fry fiercely.
Feed fry with baby brine shrimp or finely crushed flakes until large enough for pellets.
Care Sheet
| Parameter | Details |
|---|---|
| Scientific Name | Parachromis managuensis |
| Common Name | Jaguar Cichlid |
| Origin | Central America |
| Family | Cichlidae |
| Adult Size | Up to 55 cm |
| Lifespan | Up to 15 years |
| Temperament | Highly aggressive |
| Diet | Carnivorous |
| Tank Level | Mid–bottom |
| Temperature | 24–30°C |
| pH | 7.0–8.0 |
| Hardness | 10–15 dGH |
| Minimum Tank Size | 500 litres |
| Compatibility | Large aggressive cichlids only |
| Lighting | Moderate |
| Breeding | Egg layer, parental care |
| Difficulty | Advanced |