Zebrasoma desjardinii — Desjardini Sailfin Tang (also known as Indian Ocean Sailfin Tang)
Family: Acanthuridae
Origin: Indian Ocean — including the Red Sea, East Africa, Maldives, and Sri Lanka
Size: Up to 40 cm (16 inches)
Lifespan: 10–15 years or more in captivity
 
Natural Habitat
Environment: Coral reefs, lagoons, and reef slopes with abundant algal growth
Water Conditions: Warm, tropical marine waters with high oxygenation
Temperature Range: 24–28°C (75–82°F)
 
Physical Description
Body Shape: Tall, laterally compressed body with an exceptionally large dorsal and anal fin
Coloration:
Base body is gray to olive with bold vertical stripes and fine yellow markings
Fins display striking patterns of blue, yellow, and orange dots and bands
Appearance intensifies with age and during displays
Fins: Dramatically extended when flared; scalpel-like spines at the tail base
 
Aquarium Care
Tank Size: Minimum 180 gallons (680 litres)
Water Parameters:
pH: 8.1–8.4
Salinity: 1.020–1.025 SG
Temperature: 24–28°C (75–82°F)
Water Flow: Moderate to strong
Substrate: Sand or crushed coral
Décor: Large rockwork for grazing and hiding; open swimming space critical
Filtration: Strong reef-quality filtration system; protein skimmer recommended
 
Diet
Type: Herbivorous grazer
Preferred Foods:
Marine algae, spirulina, seaweed (nori)
Occasional meaty foods (mysis shrimp) for variety
Feeding Frequency: 2–3 times daily
 
Behavior & Tank Mates
Temperament:
Generally peaceful but can be territorial with other tangs
Active and intelligent, often aware of its surroundings
Compatible Tank Mates:
Peaceful to semi-aggressive reef-safe fish (wrasses, angelfish, clownfish, gobies)
May be aggressive toward other Zebrasoma or similarly shaped tangs
Behavior Notes:
Needs space and stable water to avoid stress-related illness (e.g., ich)
 
Breeding
Spawning Method: Broadcast spawner
Breeding Conditions:
Not bred in home aquaria
Wild spawning occurs in pairs or small groups at dusk
Fry Care:
Larval care requires highly specialized marine rearing systems